Limited Liability Company (LLC) in Georgia — Holding Company Formation Guide
Choose jurisdictions with extensive double taxation treaty networks, participation exemptions for dividends, and zero or low capital gains tax on the sale of shares.
Last verified: June 13, 2026
Corporate Tax
15.0%
State Tax
0.0%
Formation Cost
$37
Annual Fee
$0
Forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC) in Georgia as a Holding Company means a total tax burden of 15.0% and an official formation cost of $37. There is no minimum capital requirement. Standard formation takes 1-2 business days, or Same day expedited. No local director is required; the process can be managed remotely. This guide covers the steps, tax breakdown, banking options, and compliance requirements — all from verified data.
First-year total cost
≈ $720
Ongoing (per year)
≈ $210
Why Limited Liability Company (LLC) for Holding Company?
A holding company is a parent entity that owns enough voting stock in another company to control its policies and management. It exists primarily to hold assets, intellectual property, or investments rather than producing goods or services itself.
Ideal for
- Serial entrepreneurs
- Families managing generational wealth
- Corporate groups with multiple subsidiaries
- Investors holding diverse asset portfolios (real estate, IP, stocks)
Challenges to watch
- Complex regulatory compliance
- Strict economic substance requirements
- Transfer pricing rules and documentation
- Higher setup and annual maintenance costs
Key decision criteria
- Participation exemption rules for tax-free dividends
- Withholding tax rates on dividends and royalties
- Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules
- Local economic substance regulations
Limited Liability Company (LLC) formation requirements
Minimum capital
None
Standard timeline
1-2 business days
Expedited timeline
Same day
Local director
Not required
Registered office
Virtual office allowed
Notarization
Required
Foreigners can own 100% of the company and act as the sole director. No local resident director or partner is required.
Estimated breakdown (based on avg. $1,000,000 revenue)
Simulate with your own revenue →
VAT / Sales Tax
Standard rate 18%. Registration threshold: 100,000 GEL. Non-resident companies providing digital services to Georgian consumers (B2C) must register and charge 18% VAT. B2B transactions are generally handled via the reverse charge mechanism.
Banking & payments for Holding Company
Opening a corporate bank account in person is extremely fast, often taking just 1-2 days at major banks like TBC or Bank of Georgia. Remote opening via Power of Attorney is possible but faces stricter KYC/AML compliance checks and may take several weeks.
Supported payment gateways
Remote-friendly accounts
Payoneer
Widely used by Georgian IT companies and freelancers to receive USD/EUR payments from international clients. Fully remote setup.
Wise Business
Great for multi-currency holding and international transfers. Georgian LLCs can open accounts, though availability of local GEL details may vary.
Georgia incentives & advantages
Virtual Zone Person (VZP)
0% Corporate Income Tax and 0% VAT on export revenue. Only a 5% dividend tax applies upon distribution.
International Company Status (ICS)
5% Corporate Income Tax, 5% Personal Income Tax for employees, and 0% Dividend Tax.
Free Industrial Zone (FIZ)
0% Corporate Income Tax, 0% VAT, 0% Property Tax, and 0% Import/Export duties.
Limited Liability Company (LLC) formation steps
Choose a unique company name and verify its availability in the Georgian Public Registry.
Draft the bilingual Articles of Organization and the Director's Consent form.
Obtain a legal registered address in Georgia (a virtual office is acceptable).
Notarize and apostille passport copies and a Power of Attorney if forming the company remotely.
Submit the application to the Public Service Hall (or via the eCorp portal) and pay the $110 state filing fee.
Receive the Extract from the Entrepreneurial Register (Certificate of Incorporation) and your 9-digit Tax ID.
Open a corporate bank account (in-person at TBC/Bank of Georgia or remotely via Payoneer/Wise).
Register on the Revenue Service portal (RS.ge) and apply for special tax statuses (e.g., Virtual Zone) if applicable.
Holding Company FAQ
What is the main benefit of a holding company?
Asset protection and tax efficiency. It isolates financial risk so that if a subsidiary fails, the holding company's other assets remain protected.
Where are the best jurisdictions for holding companies?
Popular jurisdictions include the UK, Singapore, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and the UAE, due to their favorable tax exemptions on dividends and capital gains.
Do holding companies need physical offices?
Yes, increasingly so. Many jurisdictions now enforce 'economic substance' laws requiring holding companies to have local directors, physical office space, and adequate local expenditure.
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Related terms
Key concepts you'll encounter when forming a Holding Company
Related guides
Complete Limited Liability Company (LLC) guide
Taxes, requirements, banking, compliance
Limited Liability Company (LLC) cost calculator
One-time and annual cost breakdown
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