Limited Partnership (SCS) in Romania — Holding Company Formation Guide
Choose jurisdictions with extensive double taxation treaty networks, participation exemptions for dividends, and zero or low capital gains tax on the sale of shares.
Last verified: June 13, 2026
Corporate Tax
16.0%
State Tax
0.0%
Formation Cost
$35
Annual Fee
$0
Forming a Limited Partnership (SCS) in Romania as a Holding Company means a total tax burden of 16.0% and an official formation cost of $35. This guide covers the steps, tax breakdown, banking options, and compliance requirements — all from verified data.
First-year total cost
≈ $2,085
Ongoing (per year)
≈ $1,500
Why Limited Partnership (SCS) for Holding Company?
A holding company is a parent entity that owns enough voting stock in another company to control its policies and management. It exists primarily to hold assets, intellectual property, or investments rather than producing goods or services itself.
Ideal for
- Serial entrepreneurs
- Families managing generational wealth
- Corporate groups with multiple subsidiaries
- Investors holding diverse asset portfolios (real estate, IP, stocks)
Challenges to watch
- Complex regulatory compliance
- Strict economic substance requirements
- Transfer pricing rules and documentation
- Higher setup and annual maintenance costs
Key decision criteria
- Participation exemption rules for tax-free dividends
- Withholding tax rates on dividends and royalties
- Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) rules
- Local economic substance regulations
Estimated breakdown (based on avg. $1,000,000 revenue)
Simulate with your own revenue →
VAT / Sales Tax
Standard rate 21%. Registration threshold: 300,000 RON. Non-resident providers of digital services to Romanian consumers must charge 21% VAT, typically handled via the EU OSS (One-Stop Shop) system.
Banking & payments for Holding Company
Opening a business bank account in Romania has become more stringent due to strict KYC and AML regulations. While local directors can open accounts relatively quickly, non-resident founders often face enhanced scrutiny, requiring detailed business plans, proof of funds, and sometimes an in-person visit or a local representative.
Supported payment gateways
Remote-friendly accounts
Revolut Business
A leading fintech choice in Romania offering multi-currency accounts and seamless remote onboarding for local entities.
Salt Bank
A newly launched Romanian neobank backed by Banca Transilvania, designed for digital-first banking experiences.
Limited Partnership (SCS) formation steps
Choose and reserve a unique company name with the National Trade Register Office (ONRC).
Draft and notarize the Articles of Association detailing the roles and contributions of general and limited partners.
Deposit the agreed-upon initial capital contributions into a temporary corporate bank account.
Prepare affidavits and specimen signatures for the general partners who will act as managers.
Secure a registered office address in Romania, requiring a valid lease agreement and landlord consent.
Submit the complete incorporation file to the ONRC for registration and obtain the Certificate of Incorporation (CUI).
Register for taxation (Corporate Tax or Microenterprise Tax) and VAT (if applicable) with the Romanian tax authority (ANAF).
Open a permanent corporate bank account and activate online banking for business operations.
Holding Company FAQ
What is the main benefit of a holding company?
Asset protection and tax efficiency. It isolates financial risk so that if a subsidiary fails, the holding company's other assets remain protected.
Where are the best jurisdictions for holding companies?
Popular jurisdictions include the UK, Singapore, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and the UAE, due to their favorable tax exemptions on dividends and capital gains.
Do holding companies need physical offices?
Yes, increasingly so. Many jurisdictions now enforce 'economic substance' laws requiring holding companies to have local directors, physical office space, and adequate local expenditure.
Ready to form your Limited Partnership (SCS)?
Trusted formation partners are coming soon.
Related terms
Key concepts you'll encounter when forming a Holding Company
Related guides
Complete Limited Partnership (SCS) guide
Taxes, requirements, banking, compliance
Limited Partnership (SCS) cost calculator
One-time and annual cost breakdown
🇧🇬 Holding Company — Single-Member Limited Liability Company (EOOD)
Tax 10.0% · formation $30
🇨🇾 Holding Company — Variable Capital Investment Company (VCIC)
Tax 15.0% · formation $180
🇨🇾 Holding Company — Company Limited by Guarantee
Tax 15.0% · formation $265
🇨🇾 Holding Company — Sole Proprietorship
Tax 0.0% · formation $100
🚀 SaaS Startup — Limited Partnership (SCS)
Same entity, different business model guide
📦 Amazon FBA & E-Commerce — Limited Partnership (SCS)
Same entity, different business model guide