Partnership Limited by Shares in Panama — Game Development Studio Formation Guide
Prioritize jurisdictions with strong Intellectual Property (IP) protection and favorable R&D tax credits. If you plan to publish on Steam, Epic, or mobile app stores, consider the withholding tax treaties between your company's jurisdiction and the US to avoid double taxation on royalties.
Last verified: June 13, 2026
Corporate Tax
25.0%
State Tax
0.0%
Formation Cost
$60
Annual Fee
$300
Forming a Partnership Limited by Shares in Panama as a Game Development Studio means a total tax burden of 25.0% and an official formation cost of $60. There is no minimum capital requirement. Standard formation takes 3-5 business days, or 1-2 business days expedited. No local director is required; the process can be managed remotely. This guide covers the steps, tax breakdown, banking options, and compliance requirements — all from verified data.
First-year total cost
≈ $1,235
Ongoing (per year)
≈ $600
Why Partnership Limited by Shares for Game Development Studio?
A business model focused on designing, developing, and monetizing video games for PC, console, mobile, or VR platforms. Revenue typically comes from premium sales, in-app purchases, subscriptions, or publisher funding.
Ideal for
- Indie game developers
- Mobile app creators
- VR/AR studios
- Esports game developers
Challenges to watch
- Long development cycles with delayed revenue
- High platform fees (e.g., 30% on Steam/Apple)
- Complex international withholding taxes on royalties
- Protecting intellectual property and game assets
Key decision criteria
- US tax treaty network for royalty withholding taxes
- Availability of R&D tax incentives or video game tax reliefs (VGTR)
- Strong IP assignment laws for contractors and employees
- Access to global payment gateways for direct sales
Partnership Limited by Shares formation requirements
Minimum capital
None
Standard timeline
3-5 business days
Expedited timeline
1-2 business days
Local director
Not required
Registered office
Virtual office allowed
Notarization
Required
Foreigners can act as general partners (who manage the company). A local resident agent (lawyer or law firm) is legally required.
Estimated breakdown (based on avg. $250,000 revenue)
Simulate with your own revenue →
VAT / Sales Tax
Standard rate 7%. Registration threshold: 36,000 USD. Non-resident providers of digital services without a permanent establishment in Panama are generally not required to register for ITBMS. However, B2B transactions may be subject to a reverse charge mechanism.
Banking & payments for Game Development Studio
Opening a local bank account in Panama for a Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones can be challenging and time-consuming for non-residents. Banks require extensive KYC, proof of economic ties to Panama, and often an in-person visit, though some allow remote opening through legal representatives.
Supported payment gateways
Remote-friendly accounts
Payoneer
A popular digital alternative for Panamanian offshore entities to receive international B2B payments in USD.
Panama incentives & advantages
EMMA Regime (Manufacturing Services)
5% reduced corporate income tax rate, exemption from dividend tax, and import tax exemptions.
SEM Regime (Multinational Headquarters)
5% corporate tax rate, 0% dividend tax, and special visa categories for foreign executives.
Partnership Limited by Shares formation steps
Choose a company name including the suffix 'Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones' or 'S.C.A.' and verify availability in the Public Registry.
Draft the Articles of Incorporation (Pacto Social), specifying the general partners, limited partners, and share capital structure.
Notarize the Articles of Incorporation before a Panamanian Notary Public.
Register the notarized deed at the Public Registry of Panama (Registro Público).
Appoint a Resident Agent (a Panamanian lawyer or law firm), which is legally required for all entities.
Pay the initial Annual Franchise Tax (Tasa Única) of $300 to activate the entity.
Obtain a Notice of Operation (Aviso de Operación) if the company will conduct commercial activities within Panama.
Register with the Directorate General of Revenues (DGI) to obtain a Tax ID (RUC).
Game Development Studio FAQ
Why does the US tax treaty matter for game developers?
Major platforms like Steam and Apple are US-based. Without a favorable tax treaty, the IRS may withhold up to 30% of your US sales revenue. Incorporating in a jurisdiction with a 0% or low treaty rate for royalties is crucial.
Should I incorporate before starting development?
Yes, incorporating early ensures that all IP created by founders and contractors is legally owned by the company from day one, making it much easier to secure publishers or investors later.
What are R&D tax credits?
Many countries offer tax incentives for software development. Jurisdictions like the UK, Canada, or France provide specific tax reliefs for video game production, which can significantly lower your effective tax rate or provide cash rebates.
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Related guides
Complete Partnership Limited by Shares guide
Taxes, requirements, banking, compliance
Partnership Limited by Shares cost calculator
One-time and annual cost breakdown
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